If there has been any doubt that a housing bubble really exists,
recent news should have changed that. In early July, word got out
that trailers in a mobile home park in Malibu were selling for over
$1 million. Well, granted, it's not your ordinary trailer
park--scenically located at Point Dume and close enough to the
houses of the stars that you can wave Barbra Streisand goodnight.
Whoever can't afford an eight-digit Malibu mansion moves into a
mobile home; even celebs like Minnie Driver have been reported to
own one.
The downside: what you get for your $1+ million is just the mobile
home itself; the land it sits on doesn't come with the deal. Which
leads to downside number 2--the fact that trailer owners at Point
Dume are paying up to $2,500 "space rent" per month to stay in their
domiciles.
Critics may object that this is one of those typical Tinseltown fads
and not representative for the "real world." Not true, as a glance
to the other coast shows. In Florida, buy-and-flip real estate
investors are outbidding each other for rickety trailers on postage
stamp-sized lots, framed by chicken-wire fences and often littered
with debris from the last hurricane. Currently sellers rake in up to
$500,000, especially if the property happens to be located in the
Keys. Of course it's not the trailers but the land that's so
valuable to investors--in fact, as the Miami Herald reported, the
price of moving the trailers often exceeds their value by so much
that most are being demolished on-site by their proud new owners who
no doubt already envision a nice townhouse or cottage on the
premises.
We can only shake our heads in wonder... and figure that, even
though we have covered the housing bubble in previous issues, the
latest developments warrant an update. In a nutshell: the news is
not good. Take housing affordability, for example.
According to the National Association of Realtors, in 2002, the
median price for an existing single-family home was $158,100. In
June of this year, that figure stood at $218,600, nearly a 40%
increase. That's pretty heady, but it might be okay if incomes were
keeping pace. They aren't, not by a long shot. Over the same period,
median family incomes rose from $51,680 to $57,115, a gain of only
10.5%.
What's really sobering is the fact that during that same period, the
monthly payment (P&I) required to finance a median-value home jumped
from $804 to $1,016, up over 26%. And that despite the fact that
average mortgage interest rates dropped from 6.55% to 5.71%.
Take the NAR's Housing Affordability Index, which shows the
percentage of American households that can afford a median home
(based on a 25% qualifying ratio of monthly housing expense/gross
monthly income). A year ago, that index stood at 57. Now it's 50 and
falling. This means that only one out of two families in the country
can now afford an average dwelling. In superheated markets, the
situation is far worse: a mere 17% of California families can afford
that same house.
The rental market, in contrast, has remained relatively stable. So
what's happening? For one thing, folks are spreading themselves
exceedingly thin. For another, those buying houses are increasingly
uninterested in a place to live. Soured on the stock market, they
are trying to make their fortunes by speculating in real estate.
The figures make this abundantly clear. According to an article in
the Wall Street Journal, in the first four months of 2005 investors
accounted for 9.9% of home mortgages, a better than 60% increase
since 2001. In addition, another 7.2% of mortgages went for second
homes, vs. a mere 2.2% in 2001. (Totals for all of 2004 show 23%
investors, 13% second-home buyers.)
These two groups are largely driving the red-hot market, and they
are not stable home owners. They will sell at the first hint of a
price peak. No one knows, of course, when that will happen, but it
will. History teaches that no asset class continues to appreciate
indefinitely. What goes up must come down--at some point, the supply
will simply exceed buyers' ability (or desire) to pay. With the
affordability index sliding so dramatically, we believe this tipping
point cannot be far off. Our trailer story is another indicator,
since it is well known that towards the end of a bubble activity is
picking up a frantic pace. We can hardly imagine anything more
frantic or insane... million-dollar doghouse parcels, maybe?
Compounding the problem has been the ominous rise in the incidence
of non-traditional financing, which Fed Chairman Alan Greenspan
commented on in June, saying that "the apparent froth in housing
markets may have spilled over into mortgage markets."
There's no may have about it. What Greenspan is talking about are
such high-risk propositions as interest-only mortgages--which in
their early years require only interest payments, often leading
borrowers to choose a higher-priced house than they can actually
afford; and option ARMs, which are, if possible, even scarier.
Option ARMs have teaser rates as low as 1% and give borrowers four
different choices of how much to pay every month. The
minimum-payment option is so low that it may not even cover all the
interest due. Whatever isn't paid gets added to the principal, a
phenomenon called "negative amortization."
People who take on obligations like these are gambling with their
places of residence. When the grace period on monthly payments
expires (somewhere between 2 and 10 years out), their monthly
payments will jump by a lot--up to 50 percent, or even more if the
index for the adjustable rate rises as well. What they're betting is
that housing prices will continue to rise so that, a few years down
the road, they can sell their home for a nice profit before they
won't be able to afford the (increased) payments anymore.
Even though that's the kind of speculation resembling Russian
Roulette, buyers are proceeding to take these big risks, in
ever-increasing numbers. Nationally, for example, a staggering 31%
of mortgages were interest-only in 2004, and in the hottest markets,
the ratio was much higher. In California, for instance,
interest-only and negative amortization loans comprised 60% of all
new mortgages (vs. the 2002 figure: 2%).
Taken together, all these numbers indicate a teetering house of
cards. What would cause it to collapse? A rise in mortgage interest
rates, which have not yet tracked the Fed's steady raising of prime,
would do it. Each 1% increase translates into an 8.5% decrease in
purchasing power for the purchaser. Thus, should rates rise by 3
points, more than a quarter of all buyers will be priced out of a
given market. Or it could simply happen because of a supply glut.
The graying of America means that the trickle of seniors downsizing
out of large family homes will soon become a flood.
A collapse means more than just people losing money on housing
transactions, too. It would have a disastrous ripple effect through
the whole economy, which has seen much of its tepid growth result
from consumers freeing up capital gains they've accrued on their
real estate. In addition, since 2001 over 40% of all new
private-sector jobs created have been in housing-related fields such
as construction, real estate, and mortgage brokering.
Is a crash inevitable? No, but a decline is, and that decline could
take a different form than an outright plunge. Prices could drop in
fits and starts, with any number of fool's rallies punctuating the
trip to the bottom. Or there could be a long, steady fall, as has
happened in Japan, which before the present U.S. boom boasted the
most overpriced market in history. Since their peak in 1991,
Japanese property prices have dropped for 14 consecutive years, with
a cumulative loss of more than 40%. As The Economist points out, "it
is surely no coincidence that Japan and Germany, the two countries
where house prices have fallen for most of the past decade, have had
the weakest growth in consumer spending of all developed economies
over that period."
Our advice regarding how to protect yourself and your family in this
climate is the same as it's been for quite a while now. Get the
lowest fixed-rate mortgage you can negotiate, and sit on it; avoid
gimmicky interest-only and option ARMs like the plague. Don't
speculate in real estate; you may miss the top, but you won't get
hurt when the downturn comes. Don't borrow against your property's
present value.
What this all boils down to is merely adopting a more traditional
mindset about your home. It's the place where you intend to live.
***
The housing bubble is about to burst, leaving millions in the dust.
The demise of blue chips like General Motors and the dotcom collapse
have taught investors to distrust the stock market.
The dollar is well on its way to reaching its intrinsic value:
zilch.
And investment icon Warren Buffet himself, the man whose Berkshire
Hathaway fund outperformed the S&P 500 in all but five of the last
40 years, says it's time to get out of mutual funds.
Where does that leave you?
As strange as it may sound--maybe in a better place than ever
before. Because sometimes we need a wake-up call like this to
reconsider our choices.
The difference between an investor and a speculator, says Doug
Casey, is the investor puts 100% of his money on the line for a
potential 10% return; the speculator puts 10% of his money on the
line for a potential 100% return. And with the "rational
speculation" Doug stands for even that risk is markedly reduced.
Granted, the natural resource sector is not for the faint of heart
and you may wonder if you have the nerves to participate in it. But
Doug and his Casey Research team do not just tell you what to do and
where to invest. They teach you how to recognize the best
opportunities and in time, to become an expert yourself.
That's how double- and triple-digit returns (and sometimes much more
than that) are made--not by blindly following an investment guru but
by learning the tricks of the trade. And Doug is probably the best
teacher you'll find in the rock-kicking business.
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